ESA134 – BUSINESS ENGLISH

Materi dapat dilihat disini :
modul a
modul b
modul c
modul d

Bahan Presentasi : File PPT

BUSINESS ENGLISH
1. Let’s have lunch on Thursday = Let’s _____________________ on Thursday
do lunch
lunch
eat lunch
2. Generally speaking, a good manager ____________________ a smooth production process.
ensures
makes sure
is sure
3. Good time management skills are ____________________ ( = very important) to maintaining a
smooth workflow.
critique
criticized
critical
4. I was ____________________ with my other tasks to finish the report.
very busy
too busy
excessively busy
5. I’d like to have that by ____________________ Friday.
end of the day
ending
end of day/ the end of
6. I’m happy to inform you that we’ve reached another ____________________ ( = significant
completion point) with the successful completion of user testing.
milestone
mile
marker
7. After you visualize, and plan a project, you have to ____________________ it.

EFFECTIVE PRESENTATION

1. The first important factor to be considered on presentation is TOPIC.
2. The topic is divided into INTRODUCTION, BODY and CONCLUSION.
3. THE INTRODUCTION consists of Greet the audiences

–         Introduce yourself (name and registration number)

–         Say thanks

–         Mention your topic and the reason why you are interested in it.

–         Main points of your presentation

–         Rule of game

Example :

Good afternoon everyone.

My name is…………and my registration number is………………. First of all, I want to say thanks to………., next I say thanks to all my friends who will follow my presentation. Today, I want to talk about……… I choose this topic because…………………. In the first part of my presentation, I will talk about……. Next I will describe about……… After that, I will explain about……….. Then I will move to ………….. Finally before I stop my presentation, I will take some conclusion. I will be happy if you ask me at the end of my presentation. Let me start.

Remember, introduction will give first impression about the speaker to the audiences.

Do not blame your audiences who interrupt you, because you forget to tell rule of game.

On final semester exam (UAS), you are free to determine rule of game. However, to answer any questions from the other students will have an advantage for the final grade.   On the other hand, to ask good question for the other speakers will add your final score.

It is easy to make questions, but it is difficult to ask them.

1. What must you do on BODY?

–         Explain every main point in detail.

–         Give complete information.

–         If possible, support your explanation by telling some examples.

–         Spend most of your time in this part.

–         Focus on your title.

1. How to take conclusion?

–         Remember, this is the most important information that you want to tell the audiences.

–         This is also the longest information remembered by all audiences.

–         There is no new information on conclusion.

–         Review the main point on body.

–         In avoiding any mistakes, you may provide the conclusions in notes on final semester exam.

1. Another point about effective presentation is Slide Design.

–         Slide does not make presentation.

–         Slide is a visual aids used by a presenter to liven his presentation.

–         Remember, slide does not contain complete information about your title or sub-title.

–         Some presenters unconsciously let the visual aids take over their role as presenters.

–         It is not good to apply many slides on presentation.

–         For final semester exam, you are allowed to prepare two slides only, but one is recommended.

1. The second factor on effective presentation is DELIVERY.
2. Delivery comprises ‘EYE CONTACT’, ‘VOICE’, and POSTURE RELAXED’. For further information about delivery, please learn your Business English Module, page 53.
3. Several graphs can be found in chapter five of your module. They are possible to topics on presentation.
4.  It is common for a presenter to undergo stage fright. It may occur prior to or after presentation.
5.  There are three common ways you can apply to overcome stage fright. They are: deep breathing, relaxation or laughing.
6.  Be confident while standing in front of people. It is not necessary to think about doing any mistakes. Instead, you just keep on telling information systematically.
7.  Never ask any apology for not being prepared. This may create a bad image upon you.
8.  Practicing a lot may help you to be confident.

As we have already discussed in the previous meeting that presentation means standing in front of people. Generally, before closing a presentation a presenter lets the audience ask questions dealing with the topic. For many presenters, asking and answering session is a very critical condition during presentation. In addition, some assume that it is the most stressful or frightening moment. How come? It is because they are afraid of not being able to answer certain questions. On the contrary, some presenters will spend this time to keep in touch directly with audience. By knowing questions, presenter can focus on certain materials that are needed. Presenter can also interact with them effectively.

There are some effective ways to anticipate questions.

1. Hiding information. It means a presenter does not give complete information on certain part, hoping that the question will be appeared.

2. Gather questions. This means that a presenter will collect all questions first then he will choose any easy questions.

3. Spend most time on explaining the topic so that asking and answering session will last shortly.

4. Give the questions to the certain audience then the questions will be asked on asking and answering session.

It natural, a public figure undergoes stage fright. A public figure can be presenter, master ceremony, lecturer, actor, etc. Stage fright means anxious feeling that causes doing any mistakes. It can be caused by unwell-preparation, less experience standing in front of people or less confidence. As a matter of fact, such feeling is natural. It may occur prior to your presentation or the moment you are making presentation.

There are three ways you can apply to overcome stage fright.

1. Deep breath. If stage fright appears on you, you can reduce it by taking deep breath. Remember taking breath on your nose is recommended rather than on your mouth.

2. Relaxation. Relaxation is also another way you can use to reduce anxiety. You can move onward, backward. left side or right side. Shaking head or hand is also effective to do relaxation.

3. Smiling or laughing. This is very helpful way to solve nervous feeling. The audience also give positive impression upon you if you keep on smiling especially during presentation.

Above all, the most important one to overcome stage fright is possessing self confidence. You may achieve it by practicing a lot.

For a beginner on presentation, it is better to make a draft of presentation prior to the real time standing in front of people. He should prepare the three main parts of presentation starting from introduction, body and conclusion.

Here below, several drafts are available.

1.   Good morning everyone. My name is Arthuro. My registration number is two  thousand eleven twelve zero forty six. I come from faculty of Economics majoring management. This morning I’d like to talk about the importance of having marketing strategy for a new consumer product. It is important because it will greatly increase your chances of success. I’ll be talking about three things: First, conducting market research, then designing the product and finally having a sales campaign. If your product has a good design but is not what your customers want, then no one will be interested to buy it. Therefore, you have to find out the type of product people want before designing it. There are two ways you can conduct research. First, you can mail out questionnaires to people’s home. Second, you can survey people at stores and shopping centers. After that, when designing a new product you have to consider both customers want and production costs. If you know what type of product your customers want but production costs are too high, you will lose money if you try to make it. Therefore, you have to be able to design a product people want and keep production cost down. In order to get people interested in your new product you should have a sales campaign. There are three major methods of reaching your customers: TV / Radio, newspapers and direct mailings. Finally, several months before your new product is ready for sale, you should begin running commercials on TV introducing it to people. I’ve talked about three important strategies in marketing new product, they are: conducting research to determine what people want, designing products based on customer wants and having sales campaign to get people interested in buying the product. If you follow these three steps, your chances of success will be greatly increased. Thank you for listening.

2.  Good morning, ladies and gentlemen. First of all, let me thank you all for being here today. I’m glad that so many of you could come, especially since I know that this time of the year is probably the busiest for you. Let me introduce myself. My name is Don Taylor. I’m the head of logistics here at Air Spares. Logistics is a centre of competency dedicated to providing you with the spare parts you need, precisely when you need them. I’m here today to present our new semiautomatic shelving system. My talk is particularly relevant to those of you who place orders for the different parts we supply.

3.  OK, shall we get started? Hello everyone. For those of you who don’t know me, I’m Charlotte Best from IT. I’m a team leader. I’m happy that so many of you could make it today at such short notice. I know that you’re all extremely busy at the moment, so I’d like to start with my presentation right away. As you can see on the screen, our topic today is project documentation. We’re going to look closely at drafting, storing, archiving as well as accessing documents in our new SAP system. We’ll also examine the much improved handling of all project documentation as well as user rights. This is extremely important for all of us who are directly involved in international project management, right? You don’t need me to spell it out … if it isn’t documented, it doesn’t exist.

4.  Thanks, Jim. OK. As you probably know, we are 15 currently having difficulties with our new men’s cosmetic line. These problems lie chiefly with our main bottle supplier, but we are also having trouble with distribution. I’d like to quickly identify the problems and then make some suggestions on how we can deal with the consequences. So, let’s start with our bottle supplier then ………We’ve been having serious difficulties with GSG, which is our main plastic bottle supplier, regarding both quantity and quality. We don’t understand why, but they don’t seem to be able to supply the quantities we order from them. In addition, the quality of the material is so poor that we have had to return about 40% of the bottles. We’ve been trying to cope with these problems — the delays, the poor quality — all along, but so far we’ve not been able to find ways to prevent them from happening again. It’s clear we can no longer continue to accept these conditions. Moreover, we’re now getting ready for the Christmas season. If we don’t solve our supply problems within the next two weeks, we’ll run into serious trouble with respect to our Christmas business. Let’s move on to distribution. Here the problem lies with……

5 Thank you. Well, let’s get started. As many of you will know, Professor Belbin’s categorisation of team roles is still widely used. But the way companies view teams is beginning to shift. Professor Belbin viewed the team as a whole made up of individuals, where the success of the team relies on the individual elements performing their roles. Belbin’s approach is valid because it enables people to understand themselves and others as team members. It increases the team’s overall knowledge of how the team is constructed. But we would argue that effective team working emerges from a combination of individual and collective competencies, or abilities. We are all aware of teams made up of highly competent individuals that fail to perform as a team. The task is to develop teams of competent individuals to perform collectively. So, our research looked at which collective competencies were required to bring about effective performance. We looked at a variety of teams, including project teams, work groups, football teams and jazz bands. The study identified a number of differences between teams in terms of structure and stability. Business teams, for instance, are often ad hoc creations formed to address a short-term need, whereas an orchestra or a rugby team are more stable. But even very short-lived teams share generic characteristics with stable ones. We looked at jazz musicians in jam sessions, where individuals come together for a one-off performance. Although bonding might not be expected to be significant in such transient teams, we found that the jazz musicians sought to establish a level of social integration. We also developed a model for assessing the effectiveness of a team as a collective. The model takes into consideration the relationships between individuals – the links that hold the team together. It identifies 16 distinct competencies that are crucial to team effectiveness. These competencies are divided into four clusters, or groups, known as: enabling; resourcing; fusing and motivating. I’ll explain these shortly … Using the new framework, it is possible to identify where a team might be strengthened. The best news for managers is that team spirit will not necessarily be improved by spending the night on the side of a mountain in Scotland. Moving on now to….

as a matter of fact you can build your draft by your own style. However the four examples above can help you to perform it.

Take A look at the following essential notes

1.     Presentation means standing in front of people (audience) to give information.

2.     Presentation skill is a must for you as an intellectual people.

 3.     In workplace, presentation skill is an essential requirement. Either a leader or a staff often makes presentation.

 4.     There are two important factors on effective presentation. First, what you are going to present. It means the title of your presentation. A new presenter commonly adjusts his title or topic with the need of his prospect audience (calon pendengar). That is why a presenter will try to gather information as much as possible about his prospective audience before choosing a title. Information on age, job, educational background, religion, culture etc. are urgently required by a presenter. The topic itself is divided into INTRODUCTION, BODY, and CONCLUSION. Needless to say, some people believe that introduction and conclusion are more important. Second, how you are presenting the topic. It is so-called delivery. Eye-contact, voice and posture relaxed are parts of delivery. Even though, many people say that delivery is more important than topic, but effective presentation may not ignore one of the two factors.

5.     There are some important points you have to mention on INTRODUCTION. They are : greetings, self introduction, thanks, topic, reason why you are interested to choose it, parts of your presentation, and certain rules whether or not you let the audience interrupt you to ask questions. Next, I will show you a simple draft of Introduction.                            

 Good afternoon everybody. My name is Rudi Saputra. I come from Faculty of Communication, majoring Public Relation. My registration number is 200958089.  First of all, I want to say thanks to Mr. Laris as my Business English lecture. Next, I also say thanks to all my friends who follow my presentation well. Today I want to talk about the roles of PR. I choose this topic, because there are many people who do not know the role of PR.  In the first part of my presentation I will tell you the definition of PR, after that I will explain about history of PR, then I will move to PR’s classifications, next I will talk much about PR’s role and finally before I stop my presentation, I will take some conclusions. I will be very happy if you ask me at the end of my presentation. Let me start.

6.     Give complete information on BODY of your presentation. You need to explain every main parts of your topic. A presenter will spend most of his time in this part. Sometimes a presenter will show some examples and make comparison dealing with topic.

 7.     Never stop your presentation without taking conclusion. It is said that conclusion is the most important part of a presentation. Frankly speaking, there is no new information on conclusion. A homely way to make conclusion is to review the main point on body only. Long conclusion is sometimes less effective to audience.

8.     How to design slide? Slide is really needed on presentation. Slide is a helpful tool for a presenter to deliver information to audience. In other words, slide does not make presentation. Therefore using to many slides may take over the role of a presenter.  On final semester exam every student is allowed to prepare two slides only, not more than that. You have to know that slide does not contain all information about the topic.  Take a look at the examples below :

                  One,                       

CORRUPTION IN INDONESIA IN 2000s      

I          Definition        

II         Types of Corruption

III        Causes of Corruption

IV       Act about Corruption

V        Case

VII     Conclusion

1.     ________________________________________

2.     ________________________________________

3.     ________________________________________

 Two,

Marketing Function

I     Definition

II   History and Elements of marketing

III   Function

IV   Examples

 V    Conclusion

1.     ___________________________________

2.     ___________________________________

3.     ___________________________________

4.     ___________________________________

three,

OBESITY

I  Definition

II Signs And Symptoms

III Causes

IV Impacts

V. Medical Treatment

VI Conclusion

1. ______________________

2. ______________________

3. ______________________

 9.      Another important thing you have to remember is KEEP TO THE TIME. It means a good presenter always calculates his time. Generally, it is better less than one minute than more than one minute to stop a presentation.

Introduction

Frankly speaking, some university students are not interested in graph. Probably, it is caused by two main reasons, namely: first, they do not realize the main function of graph, and second, the are unable to find out information in the graph. Actually, all kinds of graph function as sources of information. The information not only enriches knowledge, but also as the main factor in making decision. More over there are several types of graph. They are pie-chart, histogram, diagram and in a broader sense table also belongs to graph. All these kinds of graph can be found in textbooks, magazines, journals, articles, newspapers and other scientific writings.

Steps How To Explain Information on Graph

1. What is the graph about? It means the topic or the title of the graph. It is easy to find out the topic of the graph by looking at the sentence placed on above or below the graph. However, title can be put on the left or right side of the graph.

2. Pay attention to the horizontal axis and the vertical axis if any. We need to explain what the horizontal and vertical axis is about. Remember, not all graphs have horizontal and vertical axis. Table, for example, has rows and columns.

3. The last step is explaining complete information. This is the most essential step,  because all information must be presented in detail. Some terms we may apply, such as: total, average, peak of, increase to, decrease to, stand at, lowest, the reduce, the increase, approximately, same with, etc.

Take a look at your Business English Module Pages 56 – 59

The schedule of Mid term exam for Business English Subject can be seen on the the Esa Unggul Website. Some exam regulations that all university students must obey, have already been socialized. The characteristic of Business English Subject the exam is closed book. You need to learn the module p. 1 – 50.

The exam materials include:

1. Starting English Conversation (Common phrases, mind mapping personal identity, asking and giving opinion, and job interview)

2. Application letter (a reply to advertisement and writing C.V)

3. Writing Indonesian Summary

Prepare yourself as well as possible.

Good Luck

More Detailed About Reading English Passage

As we have already discussed in the previous session that university students are expected to be able to comprehend English passages focusing on scientific writings. To do that you must possess a lot of vocabularies. One way you can apply to enrich vocabulary is by recording your voice then listen many times. The more often you spend your time to listen, the more vocabulary that you might have. Besides it, this is also an effective way to save information in our long-term memory – a phase that can save information in years.

Of several  previously essential notes, writing Indonesian summary is the most important one. Writing summary means you just review the main points of the whole passage. It is a bit different with translation. If you are asked to translate a passage, you will start doing it from the first line until the last. Sometimes you will get in trouble to translate if there are some new vocabularies in it. Remember, there are two ways to translate a phrase, sentence, or a paragraph. 1) You translate word by words. 2) You just take the real meaning. In addition, if it is necessary, you may add or reduce certain words to make your translation good.

It is true that before you write the summary, you had better translate first. However, even though you find some new vocabularies, it is possible to write the summary. Remember, you must follow instruction if any.

Take a look at the following example,

A business is an organization that produces goods or services to make profit. Business may be divided into goods producing and service producing firms. There are four factors of production which include machinery, building, tools, and means of transportation. To produce goods and services in the private enterprise system, the four factors of production are obtained from the individuals owning the business in exchange for income.

Human element is the core of business. Business needs people as owners, managers, and consumers. People need business for the production of goods and services and the creation of job opportunities. The person who is in charge of operating the business is called a manager. The manager can be either the owner or the professional one employed by the owner. A professional manager attempts to achieve the objectives of the business by utilizing all resources. Moreover, the employees supply the skills and abilities to provide a product or service. In return, they expect to receive wage or salary for the use of their skills and abilities. In addition, the target of a business is consumer. A consumer is a person or business who or which purchases goods or service for personal or organization use. The consumer, in an economic system, wants better goods and services. Therefore, a business enterprise tries to satisfy such needs and desire or wants. The most common motive in setting up a business is profit-oriented by taking its risk. Profit or surplus income is calculated from total sales minus total cost of production. However, running a business does not always produce profit but sometimes a business may suffer from losses.

Write Indonesian summary around 70 – 100 words.

Indonesian Summary:

Wacana tersebut menjelaskan bahwa para pekerja yang merupakan elemen terpenting  dalam dunia bisnis, bekerja dengan menghasilkan barang atau jasa untuk mendapatkan imbalan yang disebut dengan gaji atau upah. Orang yang paling bertanggung jawab dalam menjalankan sebuah usaha adalah manajer. Dia harus menggunakan seluruh faktor-faktor produksi untuk menghasilkan produk yang mampu memenuhi keinginan dan kebutuhan para konsumen sekaligus memperoleh keuntungan. Ada dua jenis usaha, pertama, usaha yang menghasilkan barang dan kedua, adalah jenis usaha yang menghasulkan jasa. Kedua jenis usaha tersebut membuka kesempatan kerja bagi yang membutuhkan. Terakhir dijelaskan bahwa semua jenis usaha besar atau kecil selalu mengandung risiko.

Comprehending English passages is one main objective in learning English subject at university. Students are expected to acknowledge both general and specific English terms dealing with their majors. Moreover, as intellectual people, students must be able to comprehend any scientific writings such as: articles, textbooks, reports, journals, research papers, etc.in addition, the main capital to understand English passage is vocabulary. In other words, the more vocabulary someone has, the easier the reading passage to be learned.

In the following list, you will find some essential notes that can help you to comprehend a reading passage.

• In reading English passages, students have to pay attention to several effective reading strategies below. They are:
• Spend enough time to read a passage several times. It means you have to read the passage twice or three times.
• While reading passage, you had better produce sound so that you can hear your voice at least. By listening to your voice, it will help you to understand the content of the passage. In other words, it is not good to read in silent.
• Be careful about punctuation, such as:
• Period (stop reading with falling intonation).
• Comma (stop reading with rising intonation)
• Pause to take breath (any time with rising intonation)
• Be accustomed to writing summary of the passage either in Indonesian or in English. Writing summary is different with translating. Translating means someone will translate the whole passages starting from the first line until the end. Writing summary, on the other hand, means that someone just rewrites the main points of the passage by his own words, even though an effective summary can be achieved by translating the passage first.
• Remember the comfortable reading speed. For a native reader, the speed is around 90 – 100 words per minute, whereas for a non-native 110 – 120.
• Please, learn some reading passages on your module p. 35 – 37.